Yogyakarta
INTRO
Yogyakarta is a city in the Indonesian Yogyakarta Special Region and a nationwide centre for higher education. It is also famous for being a focal point of classical Javanese fine art and culture such as ballet, drama, batik, poetry, music and puppet shows. Besides, Yogyakarta is a major tourist destination, attracting an increasing number of tourists every year.
City Profile
City: Yogyakarta
Country: Indonesia
Area: 32,8 km2
Population: 512, 000
Districts: 3
Governor: Harun Nazarudin
Language: Javanese, Indonesian
LOCATION
Yogyakarta is located in the southern part of the Indonesian Central Java province. The city is situated almost equidistant from the two most important gateways of Indonesia - around 600 km from Jakarta and 1000 km from Bali. Yogyakarta lies upon a highly seismic area - a Richter 5.9 Earthquake killed over 600 people in May 2006.
TIME TO VISIT
Intense heat and humidity: that is what you should expect while planning a trip to Yogyakarta. Because of the tropical climate of the region, there are only two distinctive seasons - rainy season and dry monsoon. From May till August there is almost no rainfall and weather is hot and humid during the daytime and rather cool in the night and the early morning. The heaviest rainfall usually is in February.
POPULATION
The population of Yogyakarta is around 512,000 people. Javanese are the predominant ethnic group - 97%, Sudanese are 1%. Islam is the religion of almost 92% of the people living in Yogyakarta, Christianity is professed by 8% of the denizens of the city, Hinduism and Buddhism are the religions of only 0,3% of the people. Javanese and Indonesian are the principle languages in Yogyakarta, English is quite commonly used especially in the hospitality industry.
DISTRICTS
- The Kraton - the Sultan's palace, located in the centre of Yogyakarta. It is surrounded by a densely populated residential neighbourhood, the land of which was formerly the Sultan's sole domain. Evidence of this are the old walls and the ruined "Water Castle" which was built in the 18th century as a pleasure garden. The Karton is a major tourist attraction.
- Jalan Malioboro - part of the contemporary commercial district of Yogyakarta. That is the primary shopping street for tourists in the city, with rows of shops, malls and sidewalk vendors. A few buildings with distinctive Dutch-colonial architecture remind about the turbulent history of Yogyakarta.
- Jalan Solo - north of Jalan Malioboro. That is another major shopping district which is more frequented by locals. It borders with the residential areas of the city - they are rather clean, with decent infrastructure and nice houses and condominiums.
SIGHTS & ATTRACTIONS
- Benteng Vredeburg- a Dutch fort right in front of the President's Palace. A few warfare items are still preserved in that great example of Dutch colonial architecture.
- Sultan's Carriage Museum - it houses the Sultan's horse-drawn carriages. The most remarkable exhibits are two beautiful carriages imported from the Netherlands - they are known as Golden Carts.
- Masjid Gede Kauman - the largest mosque in Yogyakarta and one of the oldest, it was where the Sultan performed his religious ceremonies and rites. The mosque is located in the west part of the city. Decent clothing is required from non-Muslim tourists who want to enter.
- Alun-alun - the Sultan's ground. There are two Sultan's grounds - alun-alun selatan and alun-alun utara. During Prophet Muhammad's birthday there can be seen the Gerebeg Maulud parade.
- Imogiri - graveyard of Yogyakarta and Surakarta royal families located southwest of the city. It was severely damaged by the earthquake in 2006 but then was restored and is now open for public.
- Museums - Dirgantara, Sonobudoyo and Kakayon museums are the tree major exhibition centres that are worth seeing while in Yogyakarta. The three museums located in the centre are within a walking distance from each other.
AIRPORT
- Adisucipto International Airport is a small but very busy domestic hub. It is currently undergoing renovation and expansion. Major cities in Java, Sumatra, Kalimantan and Sulawesi are served by Indonesian carriers. The airport is located about 8 km east of Yogyakarta. In the arrivals there is a tourist information desk.
LOCAL TRANSPORTATION
- Taxi - cabs are metered and drivers are usually trustworthy. A trip around the centre should not exceed Rp 15,000. The minimum rate for a taxi after dark is Rp 10,000 even if the meter shows less at the end of the ride.
- Horse carts - traditional horse-drawn carts known as andong await Yogyakarta's visitors outside places like the train station, Mal Malioboro and the Kraton. A cart can accommodate up to 5 adult passengers. Always bargain for the price prior to trip.
- Bus - public buses are the main public transport in Yogyakarta. All lines operate between 6 am and 5 pm, some long routes extend their service until 9 pm. Beware of pickpockets - they are now more common in buses than ever before. Cost for a single trip is Rp 2,000 regardless of distance.
- Trishaws - known as becak, these are traditional three-wheeled and pedal-powered carts. A ride within the shopping district should not cost more than the equivalent of $1.
HISTORY
Yogyakarta Special Region owes its status to the sultanate of Hamengkubowno which has ruled the city and the whole area since 1749, steering the state through difficult times of occupation and revolution. The central government tried to weaken the sultan's power and called a direct election for the state leader. As a result, the present sultan Hamengkubowno was chosen by a vast majority. Today's Yogyakarta is the most popular tourist destination on Java and a centre of arts and education.
CITY LINKS
- Official website - http://www.pemda-diy.go.id/
- Travel guide - http://wikitravel.org/en/Yogyakarta
- Yogyakarta - photos - http://www.tripalbum.net/yogyakarta/
- Yogyakarta principles - http://www.yogyakartaprinciples.org/
UNIVERSITY LINKS
- Gadjah Mada University - http://www.ugm.ac.id/
- Indonesian Institute of the Arts - Yogyakarta - http://www.isi.ac.id/about_isi.shtml